The decision to use moving average for certain materials should reflect the approach used to analyze contribution margins, and variances in manufacturing and purchasing.  Use of moving average on purchased materials may be appropriate where the item is an easily obtained commodity, with small fluctuations in cost.  In such situations, the impact on margins is minimized, reducing the need for formal variance analysis.

From a practical point of view, some of the key differences and considerations in how this would be reflected in the system are identified below.

1.    SAP has officially recommended not using moving average for semi-finished and finished materials.  The key point behind this recommendation is that the moving average may become distored due to the timing of cost postings and settlements, and the number of orders in progress for the same material.    See OSS note #81682 for more detail.

2.    There is no variance calculation for materials carried at moving average.  Although this saves time during month-end, by definition this eliminates any analysis of price variances on raw materials and consequently, on buyer performance.

3.    If (sub) assemblies are also carried at moving average, it is extremely difficult to identify the source of fluctuating valuation since many materials in the BOM may contribute to it.  Again, there is no variance calculation for analyzing manufacturing operations.  Additionally, cost fluctuations will seriously impact margin analysis for items sold or transferred.

4.    In situations of rapid inventory turnover, use of moving average on (sub)assemblies may result in variance postings due to inadequate stock coverage to absorb settlement adjustments.  Attempting to settle more often / automatically may not be feasible if not all costs have been posted.

5.    Moving average can be set to zero and will not generate any warnings during transactions (i.e. no FI postings).  Standard cost also allows a zero standard cost (as of 3.0d), but generates at least a warning.

6.    Cost fluctuations at lower levels in the BOM will have a delayed impact on parent items, either in terms of variance postings and/or adjustment of parent moving averages.  For example, a lower level material which is adjusted through its own settlement, may be used at various points in the life cycle of higher-level orders; any cost under/overruns of the component would be reflected later on the higher level orders.

7.    The moving average for a material may be changed directly via t/c MR21, unlike the more formalized cost roll-up procedure used in standard costing.  Access to this transaction should be restricted.

8.    Changing a material from standard cost to moving average will overwrite the existing moving average with the then-current standard; a report extract should be generated before any update for analysis and audit.

9.    Any changes to config on the price control for a material type impacts newly created materials only – they are default settings and do not affect already created materials.

10.    In environments where some materials are carried at moving average and others at standard, there is a subtle error possible.  Even for materials being carried at moving average, the cost roll-up will update the standard price field with the calculated value.  Since the material itself will be transacted at moving average, this would appear to be a statistical / memo entry only.  However, the ‘as-delivered’ settings for valuation variant 001 (used for both cost roll-ups and goods receipt), are:

a.    Planned price
b.    Standard cost
c.    Moving average cost

This means that in a cost roll-up, if the lower level item is being carried at moving average, has a costing view, and has been included in a cost roll-up, it will also have a standard price recorded.  According to the standard valuation variant, this would mean the higher level material would see and use the standard cost before the moving average.  This could result in a built-in variance.

 Complete set of documents for sap product cost and material ledger is available for immediate download. With the help of these document s you can learn and implement sap product cost and material ledger in your organization.

This document set covers following documents

1.SAP Product Cost Material Ledger Concept Presentation
2.SAP Product Costing (CO-PC) Configuration Documents
3.SAP Material Ledger Configuration Document 
4.SAP Product Costing (CO-PC) End User Documents
5.Material Ledger (CO-ML) End User Documents

Concept Presentation

SAP Product Cost Material Ledger Concept Presentation 

This 166 slides concept presentation will help you to understand, what is product cost in sap and what all  concepts are involved in material ledger.

This ppt can be used as a demo for product cost and material ledger functionality.

Configuration documents

SAP Product Costing (CO-PC) Configuration Documents
SAP Material Ledger Configuration Document 

This documents will explain about, how to configure product cost and  material ledger in your SAP system. These documents are very simple  and systematic to make you understands configuration options of product costing and material ledger within sap.

End user documents

SAP Product Costing (CO-PC) End User Documents
Material Ledger (CO-ML) End User Documents

These documents is made for end users of product cost and material ledger. It covers more than 70 transaction has been covered in step by step manner.

We have created one individual document for each transaction.

These documents will provide the complete explanation for individual sap transaction like

1. Business / Functional use and explanation of SAP T code
2. Prerequisite to run this T code
3. Menu Path for such T Code
4. Step by Step with screenshots how to run this transaction
5. Complete guide explanation for input value to be entered to run these transactions.
6. Expected Results from these transaction
7. One Individual Document for individual transaction

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SAP Product Cost Material ledger self learning documents

This document contains how to use report painter to get your desired report form sap system without getting help form ABAP and technical team. In this document all the processes has been given in step by step manner with the help of screenshots too.
Following concepts has been explains following concepts of Report painter.

Concept of Libraries used in report painter
How to use Variable
How to create Report with screenshot and step by step with example
Concept of Report Group
Transporting Reports from one system to another system.

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SAP Report Painter Writer Step By Step Guide

]]> http://www.sapebooks.com/info/controlling/sap-report-painter-writer-step-by-step-guide/feed/ 0 http://www.sapebooks.com/info/controlling/product-costing-period-end-process/ http://www.sapebooks.com/info/controlling/product-costing-period-end-process/#comments Fri, 13 Mar 2009 18:59:37 +0000 admin http://www.sapebooks.com/info/?p=492 Product Costing Period End Process

The period end process needs to be carried out only for real internal Order. After completion of activity /process, we needs to settle the cost to one or more receivers (cost center, Profitability segment or Assets etc)

Define settlement rules: Settlement rules can be defined at the time of creation of IO or before settlement of IO. For settlement of order we need to define distribution rules in each of senders. This Settlement rules will determines where the cost to be settled. Settlement rules will be defined by concerned Divisional Head/Dept Head.
Settlement: After completion of activity or at period end, concerned Divisional head/Dept head will update and settle the internal order. After running the settlement the cost will be transferred to various cost objects.

SAP T code to be used

Individual Processing    KO88
Collective Processing    KO89
Stellement Rule        KOB5

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SAP Cost object controlling period end steps

During planning stage planned cost is estimated and once the planned cost is approved, funds equivalent to approved planned cost is prescribed as budget.
In case of unforeseen events, additional budget requirement due to for example Price rise in external activities will be updated as Supplementary Budget and similarly in case of reduction, budget can be reduced by updating Return.

Type of Budget

1) Original Budget: After approval of budget, Divisional Head, MFG Eng Head/Dept Head will update the budget in Internal order and inform to FI/MM/CRM/SD Dept. Concerned department will update the budget in internal order and inform to all concerned department for entering the internal order at transaction viz PO/SO or any finance transaction pertains to assignment.
Budget will be mandatory for Capital expenditure, expenses like advertising, exhibition cost, R& D Expenditure or any event.

2) Supplementary Budget: Internal order will alarms for exceeding budget and will not allows further Finance transaction on real as well as accrue basis. If required, Concerned Divisional Head, Manu Eng Head, Dept Head will revised the Budget after approval and informs FI/MM/SD/PP.

3) Return: In case of unforeseen events, the budget can be reduced. Divisional head, Manu Eng Head, Dept Head will reduce the budget amount with as per approval and informs FI/MM/SD/PP. The budget can be reduced up to extend of unspent amount.

SAP T code to be Used

Change in Original Budget :    KO22
Display in Original Budget :    KO23
Change in Supplement :    KO24
Display in supplement :    KO25
Change in Return   :    KO26
Display in Return  :    KO27

The price of the finished goods (FG) and semi-finished goods (SFG) manufactured is determined through Standard Cost estimate.  Standard cost is estimated based on the cost of input materials, planned cost of activities and overheads. It is the price at which the finished and semi-finished goods are valuated in finance. The standard cost once estimated is valid for a specific period interval.

A standard cost estimate is created at the end of the period and is valid for the entire next period. When the standard cost estimate for the respective material (FG & SFG) is released, the system updates the result of this estimate as standard price in ‘Accounting 1’ and ‘Costing 2’ view detail screen of the material master record. This price is then valid for valuation of material in financial accounting till next cost estimate is run. The materials are revaluated when the next standard cost estimate is released.

In this specific period interval, all the FG and SFG produced through production order or product cost collector are valued at the standard cost updated in the material master. This is termed as ‘Cost of goods manufactured’ (COGM).

Following are the important tools used in cost estimate.

Costing Variant
Cost Component Split
Costing Estimate with/without quantity structure
Costing Run/Price Update

The above mentioned tools have been discussed in detail in this article to cover the concept behind the standard cost estimate in SAP.

Costing Variant

It is a key based on which standard cost is performed and valuated. Following are the control parameters in costing variant.

(a)    Costing Type :

It updates price such as ‘Standard price’ or ‘Commercial price’ or ‘Tax valuation’ price depending upon the price update type. It contains the ‘calculation base ’ based on which prices are updated in material master for FG and SFG.

For inventory valuation, calculation base will always be ‘COGM’. The COGM value will be determined through ‘Cost component split’.

(b)    Valuation Variant:

It searches prices of input materials, activities and overhead ( overhead cost sheet ) during cost estimate. The strategy sequences for searching of the prices are specified for input materials, activities and overhead in the valuation variant.

The strategy sequence prioritizes whether moving Avg. price, standard price or Info record price is to be picked up for input material, plan or actual price is to be picked for activities. It also specifies which costing sheet is to be used for overhead calculation (Material OH, Production OH).

Strategy Sequence : Input Material

Priority    Strategy Sequence
1    Moving Average Price
2    Last Price from Purchasing Info Record

Strategy Sequence : Activity Prices

Priority    Strategy Sequence
1    Actual Price of Previous Period
2    Plan Price for the Period
3    Plan Price as Average of All Fiscal Year Periods

(c)     Date Control :

It determines period for which cost estimate is applicable.

(d)     Quantity Structure control :

It determines BOM and routing which is to be considered for costing. It considers only those BOM and Routing which have the status ‘Release for Costing’.

Cost Component Split

What elements of costs are to be considered in ‘Cost of goods manufactured (COGM)’ is specified in Cost component structure. Each cost component mentioned in Costing (A) are captured in controlling through cost elements which are grouped in Cost Component Structure (B) as COGM, COGS.

In Costing Type of costing variant, COGM will be specified as the calculation base for standard cost. Therefore, the summation of COGM in Cost component structure will be carried to SFG’s and FG’s material master as standard cost.

Cost estimate with quantity structure

Cost estimate with quantity structure is a tool for estimating material costs. It calculates standard cost of goods manufactured. CK11N is the transaction code for cost estimate with quantity structure. In cost estimate SFG or FG code, plant, costing variant, costing version, costing period interval, quantity structure date ( BOM and Routing), valuation date for input material in BOM and activities in routing needs to be specified. All dates as mentioned are defaulted by the system through Date control in costing variant which can be overwritten manually.

In cost estimate, the system on the basis of costing variant and the finished good item code specified determines the quantity structure of the BOM and Routing. It then valuates the input materials in the BOM and the production activities from the routing with prices according to the strategy sequence maintained in the Valuation Variant (see costing variant) for input material and activities. It calculates the overhead as per Costing Sheet maintained in costing variant. Cost estimate gives break up of the costing according to the cost component split defined for the cost estimate. Cost estimate result needs to be saved before price update run or costing run.

The cost estimate with quantity structure accesses data in the Production Planning (PP), Materials Management (MM), and Controlling (CO) application of the SAP System.

Cost Estimates without Quantity Structure:

Costing without a quantity structure is a tool for planning costs and setting prices for materials without reference to quantity structure ( BOM and routing ) in Production Planning. It is intended for materials with insufficient or no quantity structure data. It can also be used to enter data from non-SAP systems. This is very useful while simulating costing based on Management requirement without creating quantity structure in the system.

A material cost estimate without a quantity structure enables to plan the costs for raw materials, internal activities, and external activities for a product in the form of a unit cost estimate. Unit costing is a type of spreadsheet that, due to its integration, can use existing master data and prices in the system, such as activity prices from Cost Center Accounting.

Cost estimates without quantity structure can access data in various application components:

• Materials Management (MM), such as material master records and services
• Production Planning (PP), such as work centers and resources
• Controlling (CO), such as cost centers and activity types

Costing Run / Price update:

Once cost estimate is carried out, costing results needs to be transferred to material master for updating prices.

Depending on the purpose of costing (Inventory valuation for AS-2, simulation costing for the purpose for management decision etc), selected price controls( Standard Price, Tax Valuation Price, Commercial Price) specified in the costing type ( see costing variant ) in the material master can be updated.

When the cost estimate is ‘Marked’ Future standard price in the material master is updated. After marking, the cost estimate is ‘Released’, the new released standard price becomes the ‘Current standard price’ and standard price previously updated in ‘Current standard price’ is updated in the ‘Previous standard price’.

The existing inventory gets revalued with the new current standard price and system passes following accounting entry for revaluation.

FG/ SFG inventory A/c Dr / Cr
Revaluation – Inventory Dr / Cr

SAP T Code To be used

Create Cost Estimate with quantity structure    : CK11N
Display Cost Estimate with quantity structure    : CK13N
Comparison with itemization    : CK33
Create Cost estimate without quantity structure    : KKPAN
Change Cost estimate without quantity structure    : KKPBN
Display Cost Estimate without quantity structure :    KKPCN
Price Update :    CK24
Create Costing Run    : CKMATSEL
Edit Costing Run    : CKMATCON

Product Cost Planning is a tool for setting standard prices of FG and SFG. The standard price is compared against the actual cost of production and any difference between the standard price and actual cost is recorded as variance by the system. It will also form the basis for valuation of FG and SFG inventories at the period and year end. It uses information from the Overhead Cost Planning to calculate costs such as labour, machine, or factory overhead.

Product Cost Controlling includes:

Overhead Cost Planning: It consists:

•    Planning of activity output quantity and activity prices for production cost center.
•    Overhead rate maintenance in overhead cost sheet for overhead prices.

Product Cost Planning: It consists:

•    Creation / Marking / Release of cost estimate for all in-house manufactured products. It includes the raw material cost and conversion cost like labour, machine or factory overhead from overhead cost planning.

Cost Object Controlling: It consists:

•    Periodic adjustments of actual costs posted to production cost center and activity.
•    Calculation of overhead, WIP cost and variances for production orders/product cost collector and there settlement to FI.

Overhead Cost Planning

Overhead cost planning involves activity wise quantity output & cost planning in respective production cost centers, based on which activity prices are derive for a particular period interval. It forms part of the overall product cost planning process, and is a prerequisite for standard costing in product cost planning. Product Cost Planning accesses material prices of input material in BOM, activity prices of activities performed for an operation under taken in respective work center attached to the production cost center.

Planning is used to determine the activity price on the basis of planned costs and planned activity quantities.  These prices are used to valuate activities during the current period and also for future periods. On the basis of the actual activity output quantity (confirmation through production order) and cost booked in finance in previous periods, the planning data will be updated   periodically to derive new activity prices for the next periods. The actual activity output quantity in production order and cost booked in finance are simultaneously updated by the system in production cost center.

Planning Version

The planning process is not a one-time event, but an iterative process which usually goes through several cycles. The basis for calculation of plan prices and resulting plan prices itself is stored by way of versions in the system. The SAP system allows us to have multiple versions at the same time. We can use these versions as the basis for analysis. These versions are stored separately in the system and can be compared with each other in the information system (plan/plan comparisons, or comparisons of the actual costs with different versions).

When we create a controlling area, the system automatically creates version 0 (plan/actual). The actual values when entering costs in FI or allocating costs using distribution/ Assessment cycles internally in CO and actual activity output quantity in production order are by default posted in version 0 through cost element. Version 0 will also be used to store the plan prices required for internal activity allocation during product cost planning and actual activity confirmation in production order. We will use version 0 for plan/actual comparison as it contains both plan and actual data for analysis purposes. We can use any number of additional plan versions. However, no actual data is recorded in these alternative versions. We can only plan data in these additional versions.

In general, use Version 0 & Version 1 for our planning purpose. The plan and actual data in version 0 will be maintained at average price method on quarterly basis while version 1 will be maintained at periodic price method on quarterly basis. Version 0 plan and actual activity prices will be used in product cost planning and production order to derive internal activity prices. The comparative analysis of activity prices in version 0 and 1 will give the variance between activity prices based on average price method and periodic price method.

Planning Layout

Planning profiles in cost center planning contains list of predefined planning layouts in the standard system. Planning layouts are predefined ‘Forms’ for manual entry of planning data. These forms contains list of objects like cost elements, cost center and activity types for which periodically planning data will be maintained in the respective plan version.

Cost center planning
In production planning (PP module) either each individual machine or a group of machines will be defined as a work center. Each work center will be assigned to a production cost center and the activity type viz. labor hour, machine hour etc for costing. This assignment would be done in the work center master record in PP.

Activity output/Cost element

Activity Output Quantity

The first step in cost center planning is to plan for the activity output for all production cost centers. Activity types are used to determine the quantity-based output of a production cost center.  This will represent the planned utilization (in man hours/machine hours) of various activities at each work centre. These activities should be planned in sync with the planned capacity utilization to meet the product cost planning for the period.

Activity output planning will be done using transaction KP26. In activity output planning, we plan the activities utilized by a production cost center. This represents the quantity-based output of a cost center. During activity output planning we can manually set the plan price per unit of activity with which the SAP system valuates the activity during allocation from production order to production cost center. We can choose to retain this price or have the system overwrite it during plan price calculation.

The planned quantity for the activities associated with the respective cost centre will be revised from quarter to quarter based on the actual activity quantity recorded through PP in the respective cost centre. The revision will be done either manually by looking into the cost centre report or through the auto copy functionality KP98. The planned price per unit of activity after the KSPI run is updated in the fixed price column for the period. The future activity price for standard cost estimate are derived using the planned price in the fixed price column and the activities confirmed in PP are hereinafter valuated with the new rate as updated in the fixed price.

Primary Cost Element Planning

Primary cost planning involves planning of overhead cost that arises because of the production activity. It refers to the activity cost incurred in producing the plan output on a production cost center. It includes direct labour cost, direct machine cost, direct expenses and other indirect overhead.

Primary cost planning is purely a value or amount based planning. In this case the system records the plan cost against the combination of each production cost center, primary cost element and activity type. Primary cost planning is done using transaction code KP06. The planned value for the activities associated with the respective production cost centre will be revised from quarter to quarter based on the actual activity cost recorded through FI in the respective cost centre. The revision will be done either manually by looking into the cost centre report or through the auto copy functionality KP98.

Secondary Cost Element Planning

In addition to primary cost ( direct cost), secondary cost ( indirect cost) are often incurred in the production process. This is because production cost center takes service of other support cost centers to produce its own activity. Secondary cost on the production cost center results from internal cost allocation from support cost centers through distribution or assessment cycle based on statistical key figure, activity type or primary cost already recorded in receiver cost center.

Activity Price Calculation

Activity price calculation is the last stage in the process of overhead cost planning. This is required to be done for all production cost centers. It is through activity price calculation run (KSPI – Plan Activity Price, KSII – Actual Activity Price) that the activity price per unit of activity for an activity type is derived by the system. KSPI updates activity price in the ‘fixed price’ column for the activity type and cost center which can be seen through KP26 and is used for standard cost estimate. It also updates ‘plan prices’ column in KBK6 with plan activity price which is used to valuate activities confirmed through production order. Unlike KSPI, KSII updates only ‘fixed price’ column in KBK6.  The future activities going to be confirmed through production order can also be valuated using this price.

Periodically activity price calculation will be executed for each manufacturing plant for those overheads which should be fully absorbed/loaded on the inventory. Activity price will be calculated automatically iteratively on the basis of the planned activity quantity updated in KP26 for cost center/activity type and value or amount updated for cost center/cost element/activity type through KP06. The price calculation method i.e. average price or periodic price for activity prices will depend on the calculation method maintained in the planning version 0 and 1 respectively.

Overhead Cost Sheet

Costs (other than Direct material, Direct labor & Machine cost), which are not directly attributed to the products are called overhead cost. Overhead cost can be of different types, such as, Material Overhead, Labor Overhead, Production Overhead, Administrative Overhead, Selling & Distribution Overhead.

Cost which will be covered in the above categories will be as follows:

(1) Material Overhead: Cost of all the indirect material which will not be captured through BOM.

(2) Labor Overhead: Cost of all the indirect labor which will not be captured through Routing.

(3) Production Overhead: Other production cost which will not be capture through prime cost as well as material & labor overhead.

(4) Administrative Overhead: Cost of administrative expenses other than production cost.

(5) Selling & Distribution Overhead: Cost of selling & distribution expenses

Allocation of the above mentioned overheads can be on percentage-basis or on quantity-basis. The overhead allocation amount is derived for each of these overhead through overhead costing sheet. The costing sheet includes all parts relevant for the overhead costing, and determines the rules for calculating the values to be posted.

The structure of the costing sheet includes the following parameter:

(1) Calculation Base: it includes the primary cost elements like direct material consumption account, internal activity allocation like direct labour cost to which a particular overhead rate is to be applied. Calculation base condition is specified in the ‘Base’ column of the cost sheet.

(2) Overhead Rate: overhead rate determines under what condition and to what extent the percentage-based or quantity-based overhead rate should be applied to the direct costs specified in calculation base. Overhead rate condition is specified in the overhead rate column of the cost sheet.

(3) Credit: when a production order/product cost collector is debited with overhead an entry is credited to overhead cost center. This overhead allocation is done through overhead cost element specified in ‘credit’ column along with the cost center of the ‘overhead row’.

Following are the important related master data to Product Cost Controlling Integration.

a. Material Master view related to Product Costing
b. Bill of Material
c. Work Center
d. Routing
e. Production Order
f. Product cost collector

Material Master View related to Product Costing

Following views of material master are important for Product Costing.

1. Accounting Views
2. Costing Views

1.    Accounting Views :

Accounting View 1:

a.    Valuation Class field determines which GL account will be debited/ credited.
b.    Price Control : If material master is created for raw material category, price control should be selected as V which determines valuation of the raw material will be done on Moving Average Price. If material master is created for SFG or FG, price control should be selected as S which determines valuation of the SFG or FG will be done on Standard Price.

Accounting View 2 :

a. Tax Price 1 to 3 : Valuation of inventory for taxation.
b. Commercial Price 1 to 3 : Valuation of inventory for commercials.

2. Costing Views :

Costing View 1:

a. Overhead Group : Key which groups materials to which the same overhead is   applied. While valuing SFG or FG through product cost sheet overhead group key determines which overhead rate is to be applied.
b. Variance Key : Key that controls variance calculation.

Costing View 2 :

a.    Future Planned Price : Updated when current cost estimate is marked.
b.    Current Price : Updated when current cost estimate is released. Inventory of FG & SFG is valued at this price.
c.    Previous Price : When current cost estimate is released, the previous current price at which inventory was valued will be updated in this field.
d.    Planned Prices 1 to 3 : To capture other type of cost estimates prices which can be used for simulation purpose.

Bill of Material (BOM)

Bill of Material is the list of standard input material & their quantity required to produce specified units of the given output material. While costing any semi finished / finished goods, the input material required for costing is picked up from BOM of the output material.

Work Center

A machine or a group of machines on which operation activities are performed to convert input materials to finished goods. Cost center and activity type are maintained in the respective work center for costing.

Routing

Routing gives sequence of operations & quantum of activities performed in respective work center to produce given output of specified material. While computing standard conversion costs, standard operations performed in a process, along with their standard timings, are given by routing.

Production Order and Product Cost Collector

Production Order is a cost object through which actual quantity to be produced and actual cost of production is determined.

Product Cost Collector is a cost object used in repetitive manufacturing to determine actual quantity and cost of production for a period.

Following are the important costing fields in Production order and Product Cost Collector under the control data screen.

a. Costing variant for Planned/Actual costs

This field specifies which costing variant used to determine the planned/actual costs. Costing variant contains all control parameters for costing, including parameters that control how cost estimates are executed and the material prices or activity prices that are used to valuate the costing items. It combines all the parameters for evaluating materials, internal activities and external activities in preliminary and actual costing.

b. Costing Sheet

Overhead Cost Sheet is used to calculate production overhead.

c. Overhead Key

Overhead rate specified in overhead cost sheet can be determined for specific material or production order through overhead group or key.

d. Result Analysis Key

RA Key determines WIP value of Production Order.

f. Variance Key

It is used to calculate variance between standard cost and actual production cost after production order confirmation or periodically for Product Cost Collector.

Statistical Key Figures are used to capture statistical information like number of employees, kwh, sqft etc and it can be used as a basis for cost allocations between cost objects.

As you can see in the Diagram, SKF on the basis of No. of Employees are planned for each of the Receiving cost Centers.  The Costs of Administration Department are allocated to the Receiver cost Centers based on the Number of Employees (SKF) planned in each one of them.

SAP T Code to be Used

Create SKF    KK01
Change SKF    KK02
Display SKF    KK03
Delete SKF    KK03DEL
Collective Changes SKF    KAK2
Display Collective SKF    KAK3
Create SKF group    KBH1
Change SKF group    KBH2
Display SKF Group    KBH3

This document is very useful for all SAP FI CO consultant and or who are having aspiration to be FI CO consultant. This document helps you to understand SAP Actual Costing / Material ledger (CO-ML) configuration in systematic manner and you need not to waste your time in SPRO for SAP Actual Costing / Material ledger (CO-ML) configuration.

You can use this document for learning and implementing projects. If you are going to attend SAP certification examination, this document may help you to understand the concept of SAP Actual Costing / Material ledger (CO-ML) and configuration option available for the same.

This document covers following aspects of configuration,

1. Valuation Area setting for material ledger
2. Configure Dynamic Price Changes
3. Material Update
4. Actual costing Configuration
5. OBYC configuration
6. Movement Type settings

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SAP Material Ledger Configuration Document

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